How long are you contagious when you’re sick?

This winter, viral illnesses like flu, colds, RSV and COVID-19 are on the rise. These infections can spread quickly, often before symptoms appear, making prevention and early action essential.

How long are you contagious? “Most viral respiratory illnesses can spread for 5–14 days from initial contact,” says Elyse Thorne, NP, Virtual Care. “You can be contagious 1–3 days before symptoms begin, so it’s possible to spread illness without knowing you’re sick.”

You’re most contagious in the first few days of infection, especially if symptoms worsen or you have a fever of 100.4°F or higher. Blaine Takesue, MD, adds, “If you have respiratory symptoms such as cough, sneezing, sore throat, runny nose and a fever, stay away from others. If you must be in public, wear a mask.”

Prevention starts with simple steps. Frequent handwashing is key. “Wash with soap and warm water for 20 seconds. Sing ‘Happy Birthday’ twice,” says Thorne. Cover coughs by using the bend of your arm, not your hands. If you feel sick, avoid large gatherings and contact with young children, older adults or anyone with a weakened immune system.

Masks can help reduce spread. “An N95 isn’t necessary,” says Takesue. “But if you’re around someone who’s ill, it’s most effective for them to wear a mask.”

Know when to stay home. If you have a fever, rest and do not return to work or school until you’ve been fever-free for more than 24 hours without medication. Avoid travel by plane or train if you’re sick, as you’re most likely to spread illness when fever is present.

Need care? On-Demand Virtual Visits are available daily from 8 am to 8 pm for Indiana residents age 2 and older. Connect with a provider from your smartphone or computer with no appointment needed. Download the IU Health Virtual Visits app for quick access.

Urgent Care walk-in clinics are open days, nights, weekends and holidays for adults and children 3 months and older.